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Transcendental Themes within The Scarlet Letter Free Essays

string(133) " because society will not only treat her as an outsider but also not acknowledge her existence as a quintessential piece of society\." In 1 850 Is a story of adulterated love and revenge, set in sass’s Boston, in a small Puritan community. Nathaniel Hawthorne evokes transcendentalism and romanticism in a variety of ways throughout the novel, focusing on youthful innocence, truths of the human hearts, the pureness of the natural world, worth and freedom of the individual, and the ubiquitous Idea that the artificial nature of society corrupts. Because of the time in which Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote The Scarlet Letter, he was greatly Influenced by the Ideas of transcendentalism, and romanticism. We will write a custom essay sample on Transcendental Themes within The Scarlet Letter or any similar topic only for you Order Now A huge Inspiration that led Hawthorne to incorporate these ideas into his writing were the people in which he was involved with on a personal level. At the age of 33, Hawthorne had just published his first book titled, â€Å"Twice- Told Tales† and luckily for him it was very popular with a woman named Elizabeth Peabody. Elizabeth Peabody was one of three daughters from an old New England family who was a distant descendent from the family whom the renowned Peabody Museums at Harvard and Yale were named after. Through her lifetime, Elizabeth managed to acquaint herself with many leading thinkers of her mime, such as Ralph Wald Emerson and Broncos Alcott. This led her to publish her own book in French and German that was considered the â€Å"first book-length exposition of transcendentalist ideas†. Later in time, however, Hawthorne married Elizabethan younger sister, Sophia, but still had a great reverence for Elizabethan ideas, works, and person. Due to Hawthorn’s association with the entire Peabody family he was compelled to write The Scarlet Letter with much Influence from them, their connections with transcendental and romantic supporters, and society as a whole. Throughout the entire plot, nature and everything that goes along with it is portrayed as a pure and happy source of bliss, guidance, and sympathy. At the beginning of the book it is given in the first chapter an example of nature working to be kind while also being surrounded by a far less pure and virtuous environment. Hawthorn’s narrator In this example, Is describing a rosebush enveloped within the depraved atmosphere of the village prison: â€Å"But, on one side of the portal, and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate mess, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him,† (46). This description epitomizes the sympathetic propensity of nature to be kind, empathetic, and It’s ability to brighten an otherwise corrupt environment. Another example of Hawthorne including the purity and joy of nature into his writing is when Hester and Dimmest are in the woods, Hester tosses the scarlet letter that had lay upon her erase off to the side, and seemingly by chance it lands stone’s throw away from a babbling brook. Upon removing the scarlet letter imposed by society, â€Å"All at once, as with a sudden smile of heaven, forth burst the sunshine, pouring a very flood into the gold, and gleaming down the solemn trunks of the gray trees,† (183). The purity of nature allows the natural world to cast light upon things that were once in despair turning them into things of elation and transforming them into things of beauty and joy, â€Å"Such was the sympathy of Nature- that wild, heathen Nature of the forest, never objurgated by human law, nor illumined by higher truth- with the bliss of these two spirits,† (183). This description, however, touches less upon the purity and Joyous temperament of nature and more upon Nature’s immunity from being corrupted by the societal norms and laws This quotations shows this by stating that the pureness of nature will never be illumined or subjugated by human law or higher truth signifying that nature is a incorruptible and individual source if kindness, forgiving means, and elated contentment. Another element of this story that is based off the runners of nature is when Hester is deciding where she and her child will reside. She chooses an abandoned cottage, on the outskirts of town, surrounded by the forest. Transcendentalism teaches, that the purity of nature should be embraced and that nature was a far more beneficial environment because of the fact that the artificial nature of civilization horribly corrupted society. The corruption of society as a whole is the most influential element of transcendental ideas Hawthorne incorporated in The Scarlet Letter. Puritans believed in a strict form of government, elisions customs, and laws that-if broken-were often responded to with harsh punishments and an overall feeling of displacement in society. An instance of this would be when Hester is forced to wear the scarlet letter pinned to her clothing and stand upon the scaffold with her infant child for hours. In this case not only is she punished by the tangible letter and stated consequence, but also by the perception by which others in the community view not only herself, but little Pearl as well. Hawthorn’s narrator describes the aftermath of Hester punishment and how the irrupt laws in society have led to her feeling of being ostracizes and euthanized: â€Å"In all her intercourse with society, however, there was nothing that made her feel as if she belonged to it. Every gesture, every word, and even the silence with those in whom she came in contact, implied and often expressed, that she was banished, and as much alone as if she inhibited another sphere, or communicated with the common nature by other organs and senses than the rest of human kind,† (78). This narration speaks to the severity of the punishment not necessarily thought about reliability, but how it affects a person psychologically and emotionally over time. This quote also refers back to how corrupt society is because society will not only treat her as an outsider but also not acknowledge her existence as a quintessential piece of society. You read "Transcendental Themes within The Scarlet Letter" in category "Papers" Another example of Hawthorne creating corrupt society is when the powerful people in the village decide that Hester is a bad example for her child. Because they believe she cannot possibly be a good role model they come to the conclusion that taking Pearl away from her mother would be the best thing to do. The belief among many in the village was that, â€Å"If the child, on the other hand, were really capable of moral and religious growth, and possessed the elements of ultimate salvation, then, surely, it would enjoy all the fairer prospects of these advantages by being transferred to a wiser and better guardianship than Hester Prune’s,† (91). This was, of course greatly supported by Governor Bellingham, one of the most influential place in society, she develops an opinion about the leaders in society and the human foundations that seemed corrupt. The reason that Hester is able to develop a seasonable and minimal appreciation for the society of which she is marginally a part, is solely because of the fact that she is detached from it. Upon Hester realizing her self-worth and purpose in life Hawthorne compares her view point of society to that of an Indian’s appreciation for societal convention: â€Å"For years past she looked from this estranged point of view at human institutions, and whatever priests or legislators have established; criticizing all with hardly more reverence than the Indian would feel for the clerical band, the Judicial robe, the pillory, the gallows, the reside, or the church,† (180). Another example of Hawthorne incorporating transcendental themes into his writing is when he describes Damselfly’s return to town from the meeting with Hester and Pearl in the woods. The reader is informed that, â€Å"the same minister returned not from the forest† because his demeanor and everything about him has changed due to the affair and the way society has handled the act and the inevitable punishment. The sordidness of society in this village does not only create corrupt the laws, assign harsh punishments, and corrupt adults, but also negatively influences children. Children growing up in this society are led by the examples by those around them. They are taught to treat Hester and Pearl in a certain way because of her sin and how the rest of society treats them. While walking through the village with Pearl Hester overhears some children, â€Å"Behold, verily, there is the woman of the scarlet letter; and, of truth, moreover, there is the likeness of the scarlet letter running at her side! Come, therefore, and let us fling mud at them! † (93). This statement, spoken by a young schoolboy, signifies the effect corrupt society has on children who know no different from how they were raised. It also speaks to the cruelness that Hester and Pearl were forced to endure because of corrupt society punishments, and contradicts the transcendental ideals of youthful purity and innocence. Youthful innocence was an ideal in transcendentalism that Hawthorne emphasized in The Scarlet Letter. Throughout the novel Hawthorn’s presents his ideal of society. He stresses the importance of youthful innocence to such an extreme that being virtuous, innocent, and pure was more natural than being educated. An example of youthful innocence having precedence over education is when Dimmest is walking through town and see a young woman, who possesses the innocence and religious purity that are the most valuable qualities for a young lady to possesses. He compares her purity and fairness to that of paradise: â€Å"She was fair and pure as a lily that bloomed in Paradise. The minister knew well that he was himself enshrined with the stainless sanctity of her heart, which hung it’s snowy curtains about his image, imparting to religion the warmth of love, and to love a religious purity,† (197). This illustrates the especially large impact that youthful innocence has over things while also tying in religion and purity. Another way that Hawthorne evokes the theme of youthful innocence over education is the fact that Dimmest is a very educated, eloquent man, but is still a sinner. While talking to Hester, Chlorinating reflects upon himself, â€Å"But all my life had been made up of earnest, studious, thoughtful, quiet years, bestowed faithfully for the increase of the other,- faithfully for the advance of human welfare,† (156). This quotation proves Hawthorn’s transcendental belief that youthful innocence does surpass education. Chlorinating did not seem to comprehend the fact that education means nothing unless you are a pure and innocent soul. The reason why this matters is because Chlorinating thought that his education should make him inept to the bad things that he’s done, but he was not due to his hidden infamy and forbidden sin. In The Scarlet Letter the feeling of youthful innocence over education is often evident after an appearance of a young mother or young woman. In the beginning of the book, on the first morning of Hester punishment, through the mesh of voices a young mother mess intent on opposing the corrupt, cruel and harsh views of society with a lighter more virtuous and sympathetic opinion. The wives and women of this town are confused by Hester punishment concluding that her punishment for this sin should be more severe, such as branding an â€Å"A† on her forehead or even killing her. Upon hearing this a young woman interposes with â€Å"Ah, but, let her cover the mark as she will, the pang of it will always be in her heart,† (49). This piece if dialogue really illustrates the regard that Hawthorne has for youthful innocence and the pure outlook it gives to not only the problems in life, but also the solutions. Lingering pain is something Hawthorne also talks about when touching upon truths of the human heart. Throughout The Scarlet Letter there are many descriptions pertaining to the foundations of human heartache, love, sin, and life. Hawthorne expertly places these statements throughout his work to make each lesson learned distinct and specific to the situation in which it was found. Hawthorne believed that the lingering pain on feels was always there, but because of our natural inclination to make it through cost anything our hearts and minds ignore the pain we feel until it is at level of manageability; until we can process and really feel the consequence of our sadness or, in this case, sin. â€Å"In our nature, however, there is a provision alike marvelous and merciful, that the sufferer should never know the intensity of what he endures by its present torture, but chiefly by the pang that rankles after it,† (52). Hawthorne believed that in one’s the nature there is an adoption that makes our hearts capable of dealing with torture and misery or sadness without knowing to what degree it affects s. This quotation expresses the pain that Hester doesn’t feel the full effects of now, but will in the future. Another truth of the human heart that was revealed examines the dishonesty between Damselfly’s and the public and the outcome of that dishonesty. Hawthorne informs the reader that one cannot portray a different side of oneself the public and a different one to one’s own without being unsure of which is not only the real one but also as to which was trying to be denied in the first place. Dimmest was the person whom Hawthorne focused on while describing this truth f not only him but also of the human heart, â€Å"No man, for any considerable period, can wear one face to himself, and another to the multitude, without finally getting bewildered as to which one may be the true,† (194). This quotation, in context, expresses the torture Dimmest goes through in figuring out how to deal with the sin he committed and also how he contends with his imminent confession. It also describes the change in Damselfly’s character. How he is portraying himself as a feeble, reverend to the public, and a horrible sinner to himself eventually confuses During the course of The Scarlet Letter there is a focus on the dilapidating effects that guilt has one’s self. The feeling of guilt is one of the more constant themes in this novel because everything seems to relate back to it affecting the characters’ lives, inner psychology, and the actual plot of this infamous novel. â€Å"And be the stern and sad truth spoken, that the breach which guilt has once made into the human soul is never, in this mortal state, repaired,† this quote speaks to the severe impact that guilt has on the human soul and heart and how impossible this can be to fix. Throughout The Scarlet Letter Hawthorne incorporates elements of transcendentalism and romanticism through his narrator. His portrayal of the pureness of the natural world, the pervasive idea that society corrupts, youthful innocence, and the truths of the human heart are all found within each plot twist, every chapter, and in all of the ideas explicitly and implicitly revealed in this timeless novel. Hawthorne not only used these elements to write a novel that was widely regarded as a literary success in 1850, but also managed to write a novel that would still be a seminal work of American Fiction. How to cite Transcendental Themes within The Scarlet Letter, Papers

To Kill A Mocking Bird And Parents Essays -

To Kill A Mocking Bird And Parents Parenting is an act of being a parent, which means you show love and care towards your offspring. Harper lee's book To Kill A Mockingbird, shows the difference in parenting of the characters Bob Ewell and Atticus Finch. Some ways these two characters are different is depicted in this essay by: showing the difference in the hygiene of themselves and their children, their lifestyles, their community acceptance, and their morals and values. Atticus Finch and Bob Ewell are diversified in many ways in this novel that is why I chose to contrast them. The first difference between Atticus and Bob is themselves and their children's hygiene. Bob Ewell's child Burris was a very defiled child, ?he had a dark gray neck, the backs of his hands were rusty, and his fingernails were black deep into the quick? (Lee 27). Burris was instructed by the teacher to leave early to ?wash you hair with lye soap. When you've done that, treat your scalp with kerosene? (Lee 26). Burris was angered by this remark responding, ?You ain't sendin' me home missus? (Lee 27), this displayed a sort of defensive side to the kids due to their dads lack of parenting they have to fend for themselves in a cruel insecure world for a child his age. Scout and Jem were well-groomed children no soiled clothes or face were kept on them for a long time like Burris. The next disparate characteristic is that of their lifestyles. The Ewells lived behind the town garbage dump in what was once a Negro's cabin. ?No economic flatuatuion change their status? (Lee170). The cabin's plank walls were supplemented with sheets of corrugated iron, its roof shingled with tin cans hammered flat, so only its general shape suggested its original diamond. ?The varmints had a lean time of it, the Ewells gave the dump a thorough gleaning every day, and the fruits of their industry made the plot of ground around the cabin look like the playhouse of an insane child? (Lee 170). ?Nobody was quite sure how many children were on the place? (Lee 171), showing their lifestyle to be so corrupt that nobody really wanted to go to the dump to see who or what was there. Atticus, Calpurnia, (the housekeeper), scout, and Jem lived on the main residential street in town. Atticus had enough to support his family since he was ?admitted to the bar and returned to Maycomb and began his practice? (Lee 4), and also to make a living. The next polarity between Bob and Atticus is their community acceptance. Bob Ewell was considered as a ?guest of the county in prosperity as well as in the depths of a depression? (Lee 170). The Ewells were not liked by many due to their grotesque decorum, and their unhealthy habits. ?no public health officer could free them from congenital diseases? (Lee 170). ?He (Atticus) like Maycomb, he was Maycomb county born and bred? (Lee 5). The community accepted Atticus with great reverence with him being a lawyer for them, ready to serve and protect them when justification was needed in their life. ?he knew his people, they knew him, and because of Simon Finch's industry, Atticus was related by blood or marriage to nearly every family in the town? (Lee 5). The last contrast that I am going to relate, are Bob and Atticus's views of morals and values. Bob Ewell was very much a prejudice against blacks; his accusation led to the Tom Robinson trial, of course blaming a black. Bob Ewell doesn't very righteous fatherly morals/values, due to the fact that ?They (his kids) didn't have to go to school, for one thing? (Lee 31), showing he really didn't care that much. Atticus had virtuous morals/values, he, even though assigned, took the Tom Robinson case, even though he knew he was going to be scandalized for it. ?You might hear some ugly talk about it at school, but do one thing for me if you will: you just hold your head up high (Lee 76). Atticus showed that he doesn't want to have this bother his children as Atticus says in the book, ?I'm simply defending a Negro-his name's Tom Robinson? cal knows his family well. She says they're clean-living folks? (Lee 75). Also, Atticus brings up another good moral/value. In the gift-giving process, Atticus gives Jem and Scout air-rifles and tells them to ?kill all the bluejays you want, if you can hit'em, but remember it's a sin to kill

Taking Action on Earth Day

Taking Action on Earth Day Every year, people all around the world come together to celebrate Earth Day. This annual event is marked by lots of different activities,  from parades to festivals to film festivals to running races. Earth Day events typically have one theme in common: the desire to show support for environmental issues and teach future generations about the need to protect our planet. The First Earth Day The very first Earth Day was celebrated on April 22, 1970. The event, which some consider to be the birth of the environmental movement, was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson. Nelson chose the April date to coincide with spring while avoiding most spring break and final exams. He hoped to appeal to college and university students for what he planned as a day of environmental learning and activism. The Wisconsin Senator decided to create an Earth Day after witnessing the damage caused in  1969 by a massive oil spill in Santa Barbara, California. Inspired by the student anti-war movement, Nelson hoped that he could tap into the energy on school campuses to get kids to take notice of issues such as air and water pollution,  and put  environmental issues onto the national political agenda. Interestingly, Nelson had tried to put the environment on the agenda within Congress from the moment he was elected to office in 1963. But he as repeatedly told that Americans were not concerned about environmental issues. So Nelson went straight to the American people, focusing his attention on college students.   Participants from 2,000 colleges and universities, roughly 10,000 primary and secondary schools and hundreds of communities across the United States got together in their local  communities  to mark the occasion of the very first Earth Day. The event was billed as a teach-in, and event organizers focused on peaceful demonstrations that supported the environmental movement. Almost 20 million Americans filled the streets of their local communities on that first Earth Day,  demonstrating  in  support of environmental issues in rallies large and small all across the country. Events focused on  pollution, the dangers of pesticides, oil spill damage, the loss of wilderness, and the extinction of wildlife. Impacts of Earth Day The first Earth Day led to the creation of the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the passage of the  Clean Air,  Clean Water, and  Endangered Species  acts. It was a gamble, Gaylord later recalled, but it worked. Earth Day is now observed in 192 countries, and celebrated by billions of people around the world. Official Earth Day activities are coordinated by the nonprofit, Earth Day Network, which is  chaired by the first Earth Day 1970 organizer, Denis Hayes. Over the years, Earth Day has grown from localized grassroots efforts to a  sophisticated network of environmental activism. Events can be found everywhere from tree planting  activities  at your local park to  online Twitter parties that share information about environmental issues. In 2011,  28 million trees were planted in Afghanistan by the Earth Day Network as part of their Plant Trees Not Bombs campaign. In 2012, more than 100,000 people rode bikes in  Beijing to raise awareness about climate change and help people learn what they could do to protect the planet. How can you get involved? The  possibilities  are endless.  Pick up trash in your neighborhood. Go to an Earth Day festival. Make a commitment to reduce your food waste or electricity use. Organize an event in your community. Plant a tree. Plant a garden. Help to organize a community garden. Visit a national park. Talk to your friends and family about environmental issues such as climate change, pesticide use, and pollution.   The best part? You dont need to wait until April 22 to celebrate Earth Day. Make every day Earth Day and help to make this planet a healthy place for all of us to enjoy.

Quotes About the Rwandan Genocide

Quotes About the Rwandan Genocide The First Genocide 1959–61 around 100,000 Tutsis were massacred in Rwanda in what is known as the Hutu revolution, approximately one-third of the Tutsi population. The most horrible and systematic human massacre we have had occasion to witness since the extermination of the Jews by the Nazis.British Philosopher Bertrand Russell in 1964, as quoted in A People Betrayed: The Role of the West in Rwandas Genocide by Linda Melvern, 2000. Seldom in history has a once-dominant group suffered so terrible a reversal of fortune as the Tutsi of Rwanda.British Historian Robin Hallett, Africa Since 1875, 1974. The Second Genocide In 1994 approximately 800,000 Tutsis and Hutu moderates were hacked to death in a carefully organized program of genocide. It continues to be a controversial event because of the apparent indifference of the international community to the plight of the Tutsi. How the World Responded If the pictures of tens of thousands of human bodies being gnawed on by dogs do not wake us out of our apathy, I do not know what will.Undersecretary-General of the United Nations Kofi Annan in 1994, as quoted in The East Africa 18 March 1996. Rwanda is clinically dead as a nation.Nigerian Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka, Los Angeles Times, 11 May 1994. The horror of Rwanda is too high a price to pay for a very vaporous and whimsical notion of what constitutes inviolable territorial boundaries. Nigerian Nobel Literature Laureate Wole Soyinka, Los Angeles Times, 11 May 1994. All notions of sovereignty with respect to Rwanda should be completely forgotten and we should just go in and stop the killing.Nigerian Nobel Literature Laureate Wole Soyinka, Los Angeles Times, 11 May 1994. The OAU [Organisation of African Unity] was nowhere to be found †¦ during the 1994 Rwandan genocide against the Tutsis, the OAU was furiously doing the watutsi* in Addis Ababa [Ethiopia].Ghanaian Economist George Ayittey, in Africa in Chaos, 1998.* Watutsi is a synonym of Tutsi, but also the name of a dance. The whole world failed Rwanda†¦Words attributed to UN staff members under Secretary-General Kofi Annan, reported by Philip Gourevitch in Annals of Diplomacy: The Genocide Fax, New Yorker, 11 May 1998. In such countries, genocide is not too important†¦Words attributed to French President Francois Mitterand, reported by Philip Gourevitch in Reversing the Reversals of War, The New Yorker, 26 April 1999. On Dealing With the Perpetrators The international community must hand them – and the sooner the better. The crime was capital and the punishment must be capital.President Yoweri Museveni of Uganda, from a speech at the Conflict in Africa Conference, Arusha, Tanzania, as reported in New Vision, 11 February 1998.

Security Management ( Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Security Management ( - Essay Example All in all a complete security picture has been painted through this report. Security in the current scenario of ever-changing geo-political situation is the major talking point of any high profile event. This is due to the nature of damage any security lapses bring in such an event, both financial and moral. The report describes a detailed insight of security arrangements made for a high profile event. The event under discussion is a family festival in the capital of a small yet important country named Pakistan. The festival, takes place on the eve of Christmas, many dignitaries including the members of the American conciliate are invited. Hence the need for maximum security arrangements has been felt and a team of security consultants have been called in from the U.S.A. The detail of the event along with the security arrangements made to tackle any kind of a contingency has been chalked out in this report. Also, features like VIP movement and other factors have been highlighted. All in all, this report outlines all the measures that have been taken for the smooth running of this family gala, which takes place in a country where the security conditions are not ideal. Before coming to the actual arrangements, it is very important to know the gravity of the situation and the kind of the event that has to be handled. Only then one can understand the need for security measurements needed at the venue. As briefly stated before, it is a carnival for Christian families living in the federal capital of Pakistan. As Pakistan is a Muslim country, this is not a holiday season and therefore normal life routines are not halted for Christmas. This festival is an invite only event with many VIPs on the guest like the ambassadors of U.K and U.S. Since the invites have been sent already, the background check on all the guests has been carried out using the help of local law enforcing agencies. Any

Microbiology- SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Microbiology- SLP - Essay Example Both Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus bulgaricus are bacteria; however, Escherichia coli are gram-negative bacteria and Lactobacillus bulgaricus are gram-positive bacteria. Escherichia coli are gram-negative bacteria, which inhabit the intestines of healthy animals and humans (Canadian Medical Association Journal, 2000). Majority of the Escherichia coli serotypes are not pathogenic; however, those that lead to diseases are grouped and classified based on their pathogenic mechanisms. Presently, there are six Escherichia coli pathotypes known to cause diarrhea in human beings, and they include enteroinvasive E. coli, enteropathogenic E. coli, enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) (shiga toxin-producing E. coli [STEC]), enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC), diffusing adhering E. coli, and enteroaggregative E. coli (Naicker, Olaniran, and Pillay, 2011). However, pathotypes of E. coli such as ETEC and STEC are potent pathogens linked with mortality and waterborne disease outbreaks in humans (Naicker, Olaniran, and Pillay, 2011). On the other hand, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subspecies bulgaricus is a gram-positive bacterium, and it is closely associated to L. acidophilus, L. acetotolerans, L. amylophilus, L. gasseri, L. helveticus, and L. amylovorus. The ratio of GC content in L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus is higher (49-51 percent) than the other species (34 – 46 percent) in this phylogenetic tree (The Regents of the University of California, 2012). The structure of both Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus bulgaricus are the same. Both bacteria are rod shaped, and they are non-spore forming. However, there are differences that distinguish Escherichia coli from Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Escherichia coli are non-spore forming rod bacteria. Most of the strains possess peritrichous flagella, fimbriate and motile. A capsule in the form of mucoid is usually