Saturday, March 21, 2020

Taking Action on Earth Day

Taking Action on Earth Day Every year, people all around the world come together to celebrate Earth Day. This annual event is marked by lots of different activities,  from parades to festivals to film festivals to running races. Earth Day events typically have one theme in common: the desire to show support for environmental issues and teach future generations about the need to protect our planet. The First Earth Day The very first Earth Day was celebrated on April 22, 1970. The event, which some consider to be the birth of the environmental movement, was founded by United States Senator Gaylord Nelson. Nelson chose the April date to coincide with spring while avoiding most spring break and final exams. He hoped to appeal to college and university students for what he planned as a day of environmental learning and activism. The Wisconsin Senator decided to create an Earth Day after witnessing the damage caused in  1969 by a massive oil spill in Santa Barbara, California. Inspired by the student anti-war movement, Nelson hoped that he could tap into the energy on school campuses to get kids to take notice of issues such as air and water pollution,  and put  environmental issues onto the national political agenda. Interestingly, Nelson had tried to put the environment on the agenda within Congress from the moment he was elected to office in 1963. But he as repeatedly told that Americans were not concerned about environmental issues. So Nelson went straight to the American people, focusing his attention on college students.   Participants from 2,000 colleges and universities, roughly 10,000 primary and secondary schools and hundreds of communities across the United States got together in their local  communities  to mark the occasion of the very first Earth Day. The event was billed as a teach-in, and event organizers focused on peaceful demonstrations that supported the environmental movement. Almost 20 million Americans filled the streets of their local communities on that first Earth Day,  demonstrating  in  support of environmental issues in rallies large and small all across the country. Events focused on  pollution, the dangers of pesticides, oil spill damage, the loss of wilderness, and the extinction of wildlife. Impacts of Earth Day The first Earth Day led to the creation of the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the passage of the  Clean Air,  Clean Water, and  Endangered Species  acts. It was a gamble, Gaylord later recalled, but it worked. Earth Day is now observed in 192 countries, and celebrated by billions of people around the world. Official Earth Day activities are coordinated by the nonprofit, Earth Day Network, which is  chaired by the first Earth Day 1970 organizer, Denis Hayes. Over the years, Earth Day has grown from localized grassroots efforts to a  sophisticated network of environmental activism. Events can be found everywhere from tree planting  activities  at your local park to  online Twitter parties that share information about environmental issues. In 2011,  28 million trees were planted in Afghanistan by the Earth Day Network as part of their Plant Trees Not Bombs campaign. In 2012, more than 100,000 people rode bikes in  Beijing to raise awareness about climate change and help people learn what they could do to protect the planet. How can you get involved? The  possibilities  are endless.  Pick up trash in your neighborhood. Go to an Earth Day festival. Make a commitment to reduce your food waste or electricity use. Organize an event in your community. Plant a tree. Plant a garden. Help to organize a community garden. Visit a national park. Talk to your friends and family about environmental issues such as climate change, pesticide use, and pollution.   The best part? You dont need to wait until April 22 to celebrate Earth Day. Make every day Earth Day and help to make this planet a healthy place for all of us to enjoy.

Thursday, March 5, 2020

Quotes About the Rwandan Genocide

Quotes About the Rwandan Genocide The First Genocide 1959–61 around 100,000 Tutsis were massacred in Rwanda in what is known as the Hutu revolution, approximately one-third of the Tutsi population. The most horrible and systematic human massacre we have had occasion to witness since the extermination of the Jews by the Nazis.British Philosopher Bertrand Russell in 1964, as quoted in A People Betrayed: The Role of the West in Rwandas Genocide by Linda Melvern, 2000. Seldom in history has a once-dominant group suffered so terrible a reversal of fortune as the Tutsi of Rwanda.British Historian Robin Hallett, Africa Since 1875, 1974. The Second Genocide In 1994 approximately 800,000 Tutsis and Hutu moderates were hacked to death in a carefully organized program of genocide. It continues to be a controversial event because of the apparent indifference of the international community to the plight of the Tutsi. How the World Responded If the pictures of tens of thousands of human bodies being gnawed on by dogs do not wake us out of our apathy, I do not know what will.Undersecretary-General of the United Nations Kofi Annan in 1994, as quoted in The East Africa 18 March 1996. Rwanda is clinically dead as a nation.Nigerian Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka, Los Angeles Times, 11 May 1994. The horror of Rwanda is too high a price to pay for a very vaporous and whimsical notion of what constitutes inviolable territorial boundaries. Nigerian Nobel Literature Laureate Wole Soyinka, Los Angeles Times, 11 May 1994. All notions of sovereignty with respect to Rwanda should be completely forgotten and we should just go in and stop the killing.Nigerian Nobel Literature Laureate Wole Soyinka, Los Angeles Times, 11 May 1994. The OAU [Organisation of African Unity] was nowhere to be found †¦ during the 1994 Rwandan genocide against the Tutsis, the OAU was furiously doing the watutsi* in Addis Ababa [Ethiopia].Ghanaian Economist George Ayittey, in Africa in Chaos, 1998.* Watutsi is a synonym of Tutsi, but also the name of a dance. The whole world failed Rwanda†¦Words attributed to UN staff members under Secretary-General Kofi Annan, reported by Philip Gourevitch in Annals of Diplomacy: The Genocide Fax, New Yorker, 11 May 1998. In such countries, genocide is not too important†¦Words attributed to French President Francois Mitterand, reported by Philip Gourevitch in Reversing the Reversals of War, The New Yorker, 26 April 1999. On Dealing With the Perpetrators The international community must hand them – and the sooner the better. The crime was capital and the punishment must be capital.President Yoweri Museveni of Uganda, from a speech at the Conflict in Africa Conference, Arusha, Tanzania, as reported in New Vision, 11 February 1998.